medecine (history of)

série: Anatomie+Médecine
éditeur: 10/18
auteur: Collectif
classement: biblio509
année: 2019
format: broché
état: TBE
valeur: 10 €
critère: **
remarques: English book

history of medecine,
discover the gruesome practices
that led to medical progress,
evolution of medecine, pioneers, key discoveries

- 10 medicine across history
- 12 magic and medicine
- 18 the first doctors
- 20 ancient Greek medicine
- 24 from Greece to Rome
- 26 how to become a Roman doctor
- 28 day in the life: an apothecary
- 30 medicine in the MIddle Ages
- 34 day in the life: medieval plague doctor
- 36 how to treat the black death
- 38 tales of Tudor medicine
- 46 emporium of Victorian medicine
- 56 rapid relief by rail
- 60 battlefield medicine
- 62 the National Health Service
- 66 a flying hospital
- 68 day in the life: a mash doctor
- 70 medicine since the millennium

10 pioneers of medicine:
- 80 Hippocrates: the man behind the myth
- 84 Claudius Galen: the Greek Roman doctor
- 88 Leonardo da Vinci: artist of anatomy
- 92 Ambroise Paré, father of modern surgery
- 96 Edward Jenner: father of immunology
- 100 Louis Pasteur: master of microbiology
- 104 Florence Nightingale: mother of modern nursing
- 110 Marie Curie: radioactive frontier
- 116 Alexander Fleming: inventor of the wonder drug

- 124 medical devices through history:
trepan, osteotome, speculum, artificial leech,
bullet extractor, lithotome, reduction device,
dental key, circumcicion scissors

- 126 history's greatest medical inventions:
gas mask, stethoscope, thermometer,
ophthalmoscope, hypodermic syringe,
pacemaker, microscope, x-rays, contact lens,
wheelchair, electrocardiograph

- 134 the greatest medicines ever discovered:
penicillin, anaesthetic, antiseptic,
smallpox vaccine, morphine, aspirin,
enovid, mechlorethamine, thorazine,
insuloin, embryonic stemm cells, polio vaccine

140 medical firsts in history:
- human heart transplant, South Africa (1967)
- motorised ambulance, Chicago (1899)
- defibrillator, USA (1930)
- medical journal, England (1684)
- hypodermic needle, England (1656)
- surgery under anaesthesia, USA (1842)
- vaccination programme, England (1796)
- clinical trial, on sea (scurvy, 1747)

>> a splendid revue about medicine
and well illustrated

enclosures
- front and back of the book
- portrait of Hippocrate
- portrait of Pasteur


Information (nomenclature)
- urethra = the tube that allows urine
to pass out of the body
- bladder = hollow organ in your lower abdomen
that stores urine (vessie)
- lithotome = surgical knife used during perineal lithotomy
to remove bladder stones
- trepan = a trephine (hole saw) used
by surgeons for perforating the skull
- osteotome = instrument used for cutting
or preparing bone

- dental key = instrument that was used in dentistry
to extract diseased teeth, before the era of antibiotics,
dental extraction was often the method of choice
to treat dental infections
- mastectomy = breast cancer surgery
that removes the entire breast
- rash = breaking out of tiny red spots on the skin
(a heat rash), an area of irritated or swollen skin,
rashes can be itchy, red and painful

- enovid = contraceptive drug for birth control
- mechlorethamine = anti-cancer chemotherapy drug
- thorazine = medication used to treat
certain mental/mood disorders (such as schizophrenia)

- insulin = peptide hormone produced by beta cells
of the pancreatic islets; it is considered to be
the main anabolic hormone of the body
a) peptide = short chains of two or more amino acids,
b) islet = portion of tissue structurally distinct
from surrounding tissues,.
c) anabolism = set of metabolic pathways that construct
molecules from smaller units
d) catabolism = what happens when you digest food
and the molecules break down in the body for use as energy

- stem cell (cellule de souche) = cells from which
all other cells with specialized functions are generated,
they are the earliest type of cell in a cell lineage

- polio vaccine = drug to prevent from poliomyelitis,
the vaccine has by now practically
eliminated polio from most of the world
- poliomyelitis = infectious disease caused by the poliovirus,
it generally moves from the gut to affect the central nervous system
and there is muscle weakness resulting in a flaccid paralysis
n.b. flaccid paralysis is a neurological condition
characterized by weakness or paralysis and reduced muscle tone,
the gut refers to the gastrointestinal (GI) system



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